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目的分析不同营养支持方案对早产儿生长发育的影响。方法选取90例早产儿,采用随机数字表法分为3组,A组采用定量肠外营养支持方案、B组采用母乳喂养方案、C组采用配方奶喂养方案,观察并分析3组早产儿出院前体重、头围和身长增长速率、不良反应以及随访6~12月智力发育情况。结果 C组治疗后体重增长速率[(17.34±4.02)g/kg·d]明显优于A组[(13.34±3.23)g/kg·d]和B组[(13.98±3.98)g/kg·d],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);C组身长增长速率[(1.18±0.40)cm/周]明显优于A组[(0.90±0.32)cm/周]和B组[(0.91±0.33)cm/周],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);C组治疗后头围增长速率[(0.83±0.18)cm/周]明显优于A组[(0.71±0.12)cm/周]和[B组(0.70±0.11)cm/周],差异有统计学意义(P<0.01);3组智力发育情况比较,B和C组智力发育明显优于A组(P<0.01),而B和C组比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);3组在肝肾功能指标以及并发症比较无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论配方奶喂养营养支持相对母乳喂养和场外营养支持能够达到理想的营养状态,临床上应该给予进一步研究推广。
Objective To analyze the effect of different nutritional support programs on the growth and development of premature infants. Methods Ninety preterm infants were selected and divided into three groups according to the random number table. Group A adopted the strategy of parenteral nutrition support, group B adopted breastfeeding program, group C adopted formula feeding program, and observed and analyzed the discharge of 3 groups of preterm infants Pre-body weight, head circumference and length growth rate, adverse reactions, and follow-up 6-12 months of mental development. Results The rate of weight gain in group C was significantly higher than that in group A [(17.34 ± 4.02) g / kg · d] [(13.34 ± 3.23) g / kg · d] and [13.98 ± 3.98] g / kg · (1.18 ± 0.40) cm / week in group C [(0.90 ± 0.32) cm / week] and group B [(0.91 ± 0.32) cm / ± 0.33 cm / week], the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). The rate of head circumference growth in group C was significantly higher than that in group A [(0.71 ± 0.12) cm / week (P <0.01). Compared with group B (0.70 ± 0.11) cm / week, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Compared with group A, the intelligence development of group B and C was significantly better than that of group A There was no significant difference between B group and C group (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference between the three groups in the indexes of liver and kidney function and complication (P> 0.05). Conclusion The nutritional support of formula feeding relative breastfeeding and off-site nutritional support can achieve the ideal nutritional status, and clinical further research should be given to promote.