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本文通过生物信息学方法对黄芩基因组序列进行搜索,共得到12 775条SSR(simple sequence repeat)序列。黄芩基因组SSR重复主要以二核苷酸(68.32%)为主,其次为三核苷酸(18.63%);主要重复基序类型为CT/GA、TTC/GAA。通过SSR-PCR扩增,共筛选出9对扩增产物稳定性好,多态性及清晰度高的引物用于10个不同产地共50份黄芩材料的遗传多样性分析。结果显示,9对引物共检测出68个等位基因,平均每个SSR位点等位基因数是7个,有效等位基因数为3。He(expected heterozygosities)值为0.6,远远高于双子叶植物平均水平;PIC(polymorphism information content)平均值为0.72,大于0.5;Shannon’s信息指数为1.32,证明所收集的黄芩种质资源具有较高的遗传多样性。种间遗传分化系数(Gst)为0.131,即13.1%的遗传变异存在于居群间,86.9%的遗传变异存在于居群内。聚类分析结果表明,10个不同产地黄芩可分成两大类,但其与地理分布无显著关系。
In this paper, bioinformatics methods were used to search the genomes of Scutellaria baicalensis. A total of 12 775 SSR sequences were obtained. The main SSR repeats of Scutellaria baicalensis were mainly dinucleotide (68.32%), followed by trinucleotide (18.63%). The main repeat motifs were CT / GA and TTC / GAA. Nine SSR-PCR products were screened out for the analysis of genetic diversity of 50 S. baicalensis collected from 10 different loci using 9 primers with good stability, high polymorphism and high resolution. The results showed that a total of 68 alleles were detected by 9 pairs of primers. The average number of alleles per SSR locus was 7 and the number of effective alleles was 3. The value of He (expected heterozygosities) was 0.6, which was much higher than that of dicotyledonous plants. The mean value of PIC (polymorphism information content) was 0.72, which was greater than 0.5. Shannon’s information index was 1.32, which indicated that the collected germplasm resources of Scutellaria baicalensis had higher Genetic diversity. The coefficient of genetic differentiation (Gst) was 0.131, which indicated that 13.1% of the genetic variation existed among the populations and 86.9% of the genetic variation existed within the population. Cluster analysis showed that 10 different origin Scutellaria can be divided into two categories, but no significant relationship with the geographical distribution.