论文部分内容阅读
本研究所用的鳞茎类,计有5种,即洋葱(Allium cepa L.),大蒜(A.sativumL.),葱(A.fistulosum L.),荞头(A.Backeri Ragel),及韮菜(A.tuberosum Rottlerex Sprengel)。其中如洋葱及大蒜,以食其膨大的鳞茎为主;而韮菜、分葱等则以食用其叶子为主。本文对于此5种葱蒜类蔬菜叶子的解剖,曾详加记载,而且根据叶子的构造,作成了一个检查表。不论任何种类及品种,叶子的腹面(即向轴的一面)及背面(即离轴的一面)均具有气孔及维管束。一般而言,腹面的每单位面积的气孔数,均比背面的为多。叶子的腔隙,系由于海绵质叶肉层细胞崩破的结果。韮菜的叶鞘部仅具有较少数量的气孔,但在叶片部份,则每平方米厘有4000～10000以上的气孔。在同一植株内,幼嫩的叶片比较老大的叶片,具有更多的气孔数。软化韮菜及未经软化韮菜叶上的气孔数,无明显的差别。但经过软化者,其叶的颜色淡黄,组织柔软,维管束的厚壁细胞亦不发达。
There are five types of bulbs used in this study: onium (Allium cepa L.), garlic (A. sativum L.), onion (A.fistulosum L.), apricot (A.Backeri Ragel), and leeks (A). .tuberosum Rottlerex Sprengel). Among them, onions and garlic are mainly eaten with their enlarged bulbs, while leek and onions are mainly eaten with their leaves. In this paper, the anatomy of the leaves of five kinds of onion and garlic vegetables was described in detail, and an examination table was made based on the structure of the leaves. Regardless of species and variety, the ventral surface (ie, the side facing the axis) and the back surface (ie, the off-axis side) of the leaf have pores and vascular bundles. In general, the number of pores per unit area in the ventral surface is greater than that in the back surface. The lacunae of the leaves are the result of the collapse of spongiform mesophyll cells. The leaf sheath of the leek has only a small number of stomata, but in the blade part, there are pores of 4,000 to 10,000 square centimeters per square meter. In the same plant, the young leaves had more stomata than the older leaves. There was no significant difference in the number of stomata on leeks and leaves that had not been softened. However, after softening, the leaves are yellowish in color, and the tissues are soft, and the thick-walled cells of the vascular bundles are also underdeveloped.