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目的 为了解妇女围绝经期症状的发生现状及其影响因素 ,探索新世纪围绝经期保健的干预模式和方法。方法 采用整群随机抽样的方法选取广州市 4 0～ 6 0岁的妇女 10 0 0名作为调查对象 ,进行健康状况和影响因素的调查。结果 潮热、失眠、情绪波动、骨关节痛、头痛症状发生的构成比在 5 0 %以上 ,其发生率分别为 5 8.7%、6 1.5 %、6 3.7%、5 9.0 1%和 5 5 %。有心血管、内分泌疾病史、痛经、高血压、体块指数高、性格内向、有饮酒习惯、家庭的居住面积小、收入低、文化程度高等为影响上述症状发生的主要因素。结论 积极开展围绝经期健康教育 ,设立围绝经期专科门诊 ,成立围绝经期妇女俱乐部或支持组织 ,强化专业队伍的培训。
Objective To understand the status quo of women’s perimenopausal symptoms and their influencing factors and to explore the intervention mode and method of perimenopausal health care in the new century. Methods A cluster random sampling method was used to select 100 000 women aged 40-60 years in Guangzhou as the survey subjects and investigated their health status and influencing factors. Results The constituent ratios of hot flashes, insomnia, mood swings, bone and joint pain and headache symptoms were over 50%, with rates of 57.7%, 61.5%, 63.7%, 59.0% and 55% . There are cardiovascular and endocrine disease history, dysmenorrhea, hypertension, high body mass index, introverted, drinking habits, family living area is small, low income, high education as the main factors affecting the occurrence of the above symptoms. Conclusions Actively carry out perimenopausal health education, set up perimenopausal specialist clinics, set up perimenopausal women’s clubs or support organizations, and strengthen the training of professional teams.