通常中耳胆脂瘤初次手术胆脂瘤基质不易完全摘除，术后残留是治疗问题之一。为了预测发生残留性胆脂瘤的可能性，该文对术后病例进行了研究。９年内手术治疗中耳胆脂瘤２９９耳中，行鼓室成形术２００耳，对其中１１８耳胆脂瘤基质厚薄、浸人部位、周围炎症等情况进行术中观察 Often the ear cholesteatoma of primary cholesteatoma is not easy to be removed completely, and postoperative residual is one of the treatment problems. In order to predict the likelihood of developing residual cholesteatoma, postoperative cases were studied. Ninety-nine years of surgical treatment of middle ear cholesteatoma 299 ears, tympanoplasty 200 ears, of which 118 ear cholesteatoma matrix thickness, immersion site, the surrounding inflammation were observed intraoperatively