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目的:探讨早产儿婴儿期神经行为发育情况,为临床早期干预提供理论依据。方法:2008年4月～2009年3月在烟台毓璜顶医院儿童保健中心接受保健服务的381例早产儿作为研究组,随机抽取同时期在毓璜顶医院儿童保健中心体检的足月儿350例作为对照组,进行前瞻性队列研究。早产儿于纠正胎龄40周、足月儿于出生后2～3天进行NBNA评分;在早产儿纠正年龄/足月儿生后年龄为3、6、9月及1岁时采用首都儿科研究所修订的《0～6岁小儿神经心理发育量表》测查发育商(DQ)。结果:早产儿与足月儿NBNA评分差别有统计学意义(t’=-13.4496,P<0.0500)。早产儿组NBNA评分≤35分者22例,与对照组(6例)相比差别有统计学意义(χ2=8.163,P=0.043)。早产儿组在3、6月及1岁时的发育商低于足月儿,早产儿大运动、精细动作、语言落后于足月儿。早产儿组智力低下发生率高于对照组。结论:早产儿的智力发育水平低于足月儿,尤其是大运动、精细动作、语言落后于足月儿。应进行系统的早期干预,促进早产儿潜在能力得到最大程度的发挥。
Objective: To investigate the neurobehavioral development of infants during premature infancy and provide a theoretical basis for early clinical intervention. Methods: From April 2008 to March 2009, 381 premature infants receiving health care in the Children’s Health Center of Yuhuangding Hospital of Yantai were selected as the research group. 350 full-term infants during the same period were screened at the Yuhuangding Hospital Children’s Health Center , Prospective cohort study. NBNA scores were corrected for gestational age at 40 weeks in preterm infants and 2 to 3 days after birth in preterm infants; in the Capital Pediatric Study at age 3, 6, 9 months and 1 year of corrected age / term at preterm birth The revised “0 to 6-year-old children neuropsychological development scale” test development providers (DQ). Results: There was a significant difference in NBNA scores between preterm children and term infants (t ’= - 13.4496, P <0.0500). There were 22 cases with NBNA score ≤35 in preterm group, which was significantly different from that in control group (χ2 = 8.163, P = 0.043). Premature infants in March, June and 1 year old than those who undergone the development of children, large movements of premature children, fine movements, language behind the full-term children. The prevalence of mental retardation in preterm infants was higher than that in the control group. Conclusion: The level of mental development in premature infants is lower than that in term infants, especially in large sports and fine motor movements, with language lagging behind full-term infants. Early systematic interventions should be pursued to maximize the potential of premature babies.