Since the research on verification to passive design strategies in sustainable building is at the initial stage,and its test method and verification conclusion are not scientific enough to validate,this paper proposes the necessity of building physical environmental monitoring to quantitative optimization of passive strategies efficiency from the perspective of architecture design and building environment. Adopting comparative research method,this research chooses six types of atrium space in cold climate in China as a prototype,focusing on building physical environmental performance difference in and between atrium and building main space. Spatial parameters of the atrium space will be divided into four factors: spatial geometry,interfacial properties,internal and external related categories. With subdividing these four factors into sub-factors,this paper makes crosscomparison among the sub-factors to clarify passive strategies effectiveness in atrium. Data comparison analysis shows that Winter atrium passive strategy in cold regions from traditional view is not obvious in practical application,and test data need to be stratified refined in atrium design in case of optimizing passive strategy from building prototype perspective. Since the research on verification to passive design strategies in sustainable building is at the initial stage, and its test method and verification conclusion are not scientific enough to validate, this paper Vih the necessity of building physical environmental monitoring to quantitative optimization of passive strategies efficiency from the perspective of architecture design and building environment. Adopting comparative research method, this research chooses six types of atrium space in cold climate in China as a prototype, focusing on building physical environmental performance difference in and between atrium and building main space. Spatial parameters of the atrium space will be divided into four factors: spatial geometry, interfacial properties, internal and external related categories. With subdividing these four factors into sub-factors, this paper makes crosscomparison among the sub-factors to clarify passive strategy effectiveness in atrium. Data comparison analysis shows t hat Winter atrium passive strategy in cold regions from traditional view is not obvious in practical application, and test data need to be stratified refined in atrium design in case of optimizing passive strategy from building prototype perspective.