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问:热原是一种什么物质?输液时引起反应的热原来自何处? (广西读者张剑) 答:热原(pyrogen)是由微生物产生的可引起恒温动物体温异常升高的致热性物质,主要为细菌的内毒素,其中以革兰氏阴性细菌的内毒素致热性最强。热原存在于细菌细胞膜内,属脂多糖类化合物,分子量为1000000～2000000。其致热作用主要与酰化酯质A骨架有关。热原对人的致热剂量为0.001 mg/kg。热原进入人体,即被白细胞吞噬形成“内热原”。内热原可作用于脑干的体温调节中枢,引起发热。亦有报告,热原可直接作用于体温调节中枢而引起发热。体温中枢存在有热敏神经元和冷敏神经元。热原使前者受抑制,后者兴奋,机体散热作用下降,产
Q: What kind of substance is pyrogen? Where does the pyrogen caused by infusion react? (Guangxi Reader Zhang Jian) A: Pyrogen is a pyrogen that is produced by microorganisms and causes abnormally high body temperature in animals at constant temperature Sexual substances, mainly bacterial endotoxin, of which gram-negative bacteria endotoxin pyrogenic strongest. Pyrogen is present in the bacterial cell membrane, is a lipopolysaccharide compound, the molecular weight of 1000000 ~ 2000000. The pyrogenic effect is mainly related to acylated Ester A skeleton. Pyrogen on human pyretic dose of 0.001 mg / kg. Pyrogen into the human body, which is phagocytized by leukocytes to form “endogenous pyrogen.” Endogenous pyrogen can act on the trunk of the body temperature regulation center, causing fever. There are also reports that pyrogen can act directly on the thermoregulatory center and cause fever. There are thermal temperature-sensitive central neurons and cold-sensitive neurons. Pyrogen so that the former is suppressed, the latter excited, the body cooling effect decreased production