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目的了解大学城流感暴发的流行特征,探讨暴发的危险因素,为控制暴发提供科学依据。方法采用现况流行病学调查方法,对该大学城流感暴发的流行特征进行分析;漱口液标本用MDCK细胞进行病毒分离,分离到病毒的标本用血凝抑制试验进行分型鉴定;采用病例对照研究和非条件Logistic回归模型分析此次暴发的危险因素。结果2所学校累计发病人数分别为376例和525例,罹患率分别为1.80%、2.14%。采集的35份现症病人咽漱液中有20份分离出流感病毒,型别鉴定均为H1N1型流感病毒。病人接触史在多因素回归模型中有统计学意义(OR=1.86,1.09-3.18)。结论该事件为由季节性H1N1型流感病毒引起的暴发疫情;病人接触史为此次暴发的危险因素;早期发现、及时隔离治疗病人是控制流感暴发的重要措施。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of flu outbreak in the university city and to explore the risk factors of the outbreak so as to provide a scientific basis for controlling the outbreak. Methods The epidemiological characteristics of influenza outbreak in the university city were analyzed by using the current epidemiological investigation method. The samples of mouthwash were isolated from the virus in MDCK cells, and the samples of virus isolated were identified by hemagglutination inhibition test. Control studies and unconditional Logistic regression models were used to analyze the risk factors for this outbreak. Results The cumulative incidence of the two schools were 376 cases and 525 cases, the attack rates were 1.80%, 2.14%. Twenty-five swabs collected from 35 present-onset patients were isolated from influenza virus, and the type identification was H1N1 influenza virus. The history of patient contact was statistically significant in the multivariate regression model (OR = 1.86, 1.09-3.18). Conclusion The outbreak was caused by the seasonal H1N1 influenza virus. The patient’s contact history was the risk factor of this outbreak. Early detection and timely isolation of patients were important measures to control the outbreak of influenza.