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布达拉宫自兴建以来曾遭受多次不同程度雷击,一旦雷击引发火灾会造成不可挽回的损失,因此需要进行科学合理的雷击火灾分析以有效指导布达拉宫减灾工作。对于布达拉宫雷电可能引起火灾的风险,建立布达拉宫雷击火灾事故树,综合考虑布达拉宫因雷电引发火灾事件发生的可能过程、可能途径。最后对雷击火灾事故树最小割集、最小径集、基本事件的结果重要度进行比较,同时分析布达拉宫地区雷电活动规律。分析结果表明:布达拉宫雷击火灾事故树一共有22个基本事件,有308种可能导致布达拉宫因雷击引起火灾事件发生的途径。布达拉宫雷击火灾防护是一项复杂工程。研究表明,最便于采取的防护措施是加强其雷电防御能力,如清除引雷隐患、安装电涌保护器、进行等电位连接等。
The Potala Palace has suffered many different types of lightning strikes since its construction. Once the lightning strikes a fire, it will cause irreparable damage. Therefore, a scientific and reasonable lightning fire analysis is needed to effectively guide the disaster reduction in the Potala Palace. For Potala Palace lightning may cause a fire risk, the establishment of the Potala Palace lightning fire tree, taking into account Potala Palace due to thunder and lightning triggered a possible event, possible ways. Finally, the comparisons were made between the minimum cut sets, the minimum path sets and the result importance of the basic events in the lightning disaster tree, and the law of lightning activity in the Potala Palace was also analyzed. The analysis shows that there are 22 basic events in the Potala Palace Lightning Fire Tree, and there are 308 ways that the Potala Palace may cause a fire event due to lightning strike. Potala Palace lightning strike fire protection is a complex project. Research shows that the most protective measures to be taken are to strengthen their lightning protection capabilities, such as removing hidden dangers from lightning, installing surge protectors and making equipotential bonding.