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目的：探究儿童结核性脑膜炎(TBM)的诊断和治疗。方法选取我院收治的122例TBM患儿作为研究对象，给予患儿不同方式的影像学检查，观察阳性率；基于常规治疗，给予患儿脑脊液置换联合鞘内注射治疗，观察疗效。结果颅脑MRI检查的阳性率91.89%(34/37)明显高于CT增强62.79%(27/43)、CT平扫38.1%(16/42)(<0.05)；治疗有效率为90.16%。结论将颅脑MRI应用于儿童TBM诊断过程中，具有较高的阳性率，是诊断儿童TBM的有效手段；给予脑脊液置换联合鞘内注射治疗，可取得显著的效果，具有较高的临床价值。“,”Objective To explore the children in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculous meningitis (TBM).Methods Choose in October 2013 and August 2013~122 cases of our hospital during the period of TBM children as the research object,give children with different ways of imaging examination,to observe the positive rate;Based on regular treatment,give children with cerebrospinal fluid replacement with intrathecal injection therapy,observation curative effect.Results The positive rate 91.89%(34/37)of cerebral MRI is significantly higher than CT enhanced 62.79%(27/43), 38.1%(16/42)CT scan ( <0.05);The treatment effective rate was 90.16%.Conclusion Cerebral MRI was applied to children in the process of TBM diagnosis has higher positive rate,is an effective method for diagnosis of children TBM;Give the cerebrospinal fluid replacement with intrathecal injection therapy,can be achieved remarkable effect,has high clinical value.