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目的 探讨幼儿零食消费情况及其对生长发育的影响。方法 于 1 999年 1 0～ 1 1月对合肥市 459名 1～ 3岁幼儿的零食消费情况进行问卷调查 ,同时选用身高、体重、胸围和头围的半年增长值 ,Kaup指数 ,现实牙齿数及皮褶厚度评价零食对幼儿生长发育的影响。结果 不管是从零食的种类 ,还是从每天食用零食的次数看 ,生长发育受影响较大的均是 1～ 2岁的幼儿 ;综合来看 ,动物性食品、水果是较好的零食品种 ,而奶类和纯热能食品不利于幼儿的体格发育 ,但后者对牙齿的生长有利 ;吃零食的次数与身高、体重、头围的半年增长值及Kaup指数均呈负相关 ,而与牙齿数呈正相关。 结论 吃零食对幼儿 ,特别是 1～ 2岁较小幼儿的生长发育影响较大 ,但不同的品种有不同的影响。因而 ,应在零食的品种和频率上对幼儿的零食行为加以引导 ,对较小幼儿更应予特别关注。
Objective To investigate the snack consumption of young children and its effect on growth and development. Methods A total of 459 children aged 1 ~ 3 years old in Hefei from January to January of 1999 were surveyed by questionnaire. Half-year growth rate of body height, body weight, chest circumference and head circumference, Kaup index, actual number of teeth And skinfold thickness assessment of snacks on the impact of child growth and development. Results No matter from the types of snacks or the number of snack foods consumed per day, the most affected growth and development were children aged 1-2 years. On the whole, animal foods and fruits were the better snack varieties, Milk and pure heat foods are not conducive to the physical development of young children, but the latter is good for the growth of the teeth. The number of snack foods is negatively correlated with the height, weight, six-year growth of head circumference and Kaup index, Related. Conclusion Snacking has a significant effect on the growth and development of young children, especially young children aged 1-2 years, but different varieties have different effects. Therefore, snacking should be the variety and frequency of young children’s snack behavior to guide, for young children should pay special attention.