目的　以基因重组干扰素治疗急性乙型肝炎病人，观察其减少急性乙肝转慢率的效果。方法　用基因重组α干扰素（３００ 万Ｕ，肌内注射，隔日１ 次，１２ 周为一个疗程） 治疗１９ 名急性乙肝病人，对治疗后未产生抗ＨＢｓ 者，加用乙肝疫苗（３０ μｇ，肌内注射，每周注射１ 次，连用３ 周）；对照组为病情相似的１５ 例病人，服用一般保肝药物。结果　治疗组１８ 例（９５－０％ ，１８１９）ＨＢｓＡｇ 阴转，但均未产生抗ＨＢｓ，再用乙肝疫苗后，１７ 例（９４－０％ ，１７１９） 产生抗ＨＢｓ。２４～２４０ 周随访期间，１８ 例ＨＢｓＡｇ 阴转者无复发；１ 例ＨＢｓＡｇ 未阴转者，至随访结束时仍为阳性。对照组８ 例（５３－０ ％ ，８１５）ＨＢｓＡｇ 阴转，同时，８７－５ ％（７８）的病例产生抗ＨＢｓ，另７ 例ＨＢｓＡｇ 未阴转者，在２４ ～２４０ 周的随访期间，仅１ 例ＨＢｓＡｇ阴转，余６ 例ＨＢｓＡｇ 持续阳性。结论　对于急性乙型肝炎发病８ 周后ＨＢｓＡｇ 仍未阴转者，采用干扰素合用乙肝疫苗，对防止转慢及ＨＢｓＡｇ 阴转后抗ＨＢｓ 的产生可能有一定作用 Objective To treat patients with acute hepatitis B with recombinant interferon and observe the effect of reducing the rate of acute hepatitis B. Methods A total of 19 acute hepatitis B patients were treated with recombinant interferon α (3 million U, intramuscular injection, every other day and 12 weeks as a course of treatment). Hepatitis B vaccine (30 μg, intramuscular injection, once weekly injection, once every 3 weeks); control group of 15 patients with similar disease, taking general hepatoprotective drugs. Results In the treatment group, HBsAg was negative in 18 cases (95% -18%) and anti-HBs were not produced in all the cases. Anti-HBs were produced in 17 cases (94-0%, 1719) after treatment with hepatitis B vaccine. During follow-up from 24 to 240 weeks, 18 patients with HBsAg negative conversion did not relapse; 1 patient with negative HBsAg was still positive by the end of follow-up. In the control group, HBsAg was negative in 8 cases (53-0%, 815), while in 87-5% (78) cases, antiHBs were produced in 8 cases. In the other 7 cases, During follow-up, only 1 case of HBsAg negative conversion, more than 6 cases of HBsAg continued positive. Conclusions HBsAg still has not been reversed after 8 weeks of onset of acute hepatitis B. Interferon combined with hepatitis B vaccine may play a role in preventing slowing down and anti-HBs production after HBsAg negative conversion