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目的:调查2010年南京市儿童哮喘的患病情况,并与既往调查结果相比较,了解南京市儿童哮喘患病情况的变化,同时探讨哮喘家族史和特应性体质与儿童哮喘发病的关系。方法:采用整群抽样调查的方法,调查了南京市六合区山潘街道0~14岁儿童12 779例,并从非哮喘儿童中随机抽出440例进行匹配。结果:诊断出哮喘患儿350例,总患病率为2.74%。男女患病率分别为3.46%和2.18%。起病年龄大多在婴幼儿期,好发季节以换季时为多见,发病诱因主要为上呼吸道感染及天气变化。结论:与10年前相比,本市儿童哮喘现患率升高17.60%。特应性体质和家族过敏史与哮喘发病有关。儿童哮喘病的治疗仍有待于改善和规范。
Objective: To investigate the prevalence of childhood asthma in Nanjing in 2010 and compare the results of previous surveys to understand the changes of asthma prevalence in children in Nanjing, and to explore the relationship between family history of asthma and atopic constitution and childhood asthma. Methods: A total of 12 779 children aged 0-14 years in ShanPan Street, Liuhe District, Nanjing were investigated by cluster sampling method and 440 children were randomly selected from non-asthmatic children for matching. Results: 350 children with asthma were diagnosed with a total prevalence of 2.74%. The prevalence rates of males and females were 3.46% and 2.18% respectively. Most of the onset age in infancy, predilection season is more common when the season, the main inducement of upper respiratory tract infection and the weather changes. Conclusion: Compared with 10 years ago, the prevalence of childhood asthma in children increased by 17.60%. Atopic and family history of allergy and asthma pathogenesis. The treatment of childhood asthma remains to be improved and standardized.