中国自古以农业立国,以自给自足的小农经济为主要生产方式,分工简单。那些家中略有盈余,俗称小地主的人多以当官为出路,图个封荫,好光宗耀祖。读书、应试、入仕成了古代知识分子的人生三部曲。士子们对科名孜孜以求,锲而不舍,家庭父兄也以此督责期望。戴均衡在《桐乡书院四议》中,记 Since ancient times, China has established agriculture as a country and its self-sufficient smallholder economy has been the main mode of production. Its division of labor is simple. Those who have a slight surplus at home, commonly known as small landlords, mostly take the government as a way out, with a cover for the shade and a good light for the ancestors. Reading, examinations, into the official became ancient trilogy of intellectual life. The scholar diligently pursued the name of the section, perseverance, the family father and brother also use this to supervise expectations. Dai balanced in “Tongxiang College four proposals” in mind