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一个离子的谱项,是由其价轨道的电子组态确定的。当结合到晶体中时,受周围对称性配位体场的影响,该电子系统价电子轨道被部价解除简并,分裂成一组不同简并度的能级,分布在这些能级上的价电子的各种电子组态确定出该电子系统在配位场中的谱项。这是一个比较成熟的课题,许多专著进行过详尽的讨论。但电于各作者选择的角度和描写的方法不尽统一,给普通读者带来了不少困难。本文用统一的群论方法,定性讨论配位场中的电子组态谱项。文章共分三个部分,先讨论角动量轨道在配位场中分裂,然后在弱场图象和强场图象中,讨论d~n(n=1～9)离子在配位场中的电子组态谱项。
The spectrum of an ion is determined by the electronic configuration of its valance orbit. When incorporated into a crystal, the valence electron orbitals of the electronic system are deprotected by valences and split into a set of energy levels of different degeneracy levels, distributed at the valences of these energy levels, by the influence of the surrounding symmetric ligand field Various electronic configurations of electrons determine the spectrum of the electronic system in the coordination field. This is a more mature topic, many monographs have been discussed in detail. However, the author’s choice of electricity point of view and description of the method is not uniform, to ordinary readers has brought a lot of difficulties. In this paper, a unified group theory method is used to qualitatively discuss the electronic configuration spectrum in the coordination field. The article is divided into three parts. Firstly, we discuss the splitting of the angular momentum orbit in the coordination field, and then discuss the d ~ n (n = 1 ~ 9) ions in the coordination field in the weak field and strong field images Electronic configuration spectrum item.