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目的研究大鼠急性β射线皮肤损伤创面愈合过程中相关凋亡基因Bcl-2、Bax和P53表达的动态变化,探讨急性β射线皮肤损伤创面难以愈合的机制。方法雌性SD清洁级大鼠54只,随机分为3组:照射组(n=24)为急性深Ⅱ度β射线皮肤损伤动物模型,烫伤组(n=24)为深Ⅱ度热力烫伤动物模型,对照组(n=6)为正常大鼠。取不同时期创面组织,采用原位末端标记(TUNEL)、免疫组织化学等方法检测不同时相点各组大鼠创面局部相关凋亡基因Bcl-2、Bax和P53的变化。结果 (1)TUNEL结果显示,照射组大鼠创面出现后0、1、2、3周的积分吸光度(IA)值明显高于烫伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)免疫组化检测结果显示,照射组创面出现后0、1、2、3周Bax、P53的IA值明显高于烫伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);而烫伤组Bcl-2的IA值明显高于照射组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论急性β射线皮肤损伤创面细胞凋亡出现较早、频度较高、消失推迟,可能是导致创面难以愈合的重要原因之一。
Objective To study the dynamic changes of the expression of Bcl-2, Bax and P53 in the process of acute β-ray wound healing in rats and to explore the mechanism of the wound healing in acute β-ray wound. Methods Fifty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: the irradiated group (n = 24) was an animal model of acute deep Ⅱ β-ray skin lesion, and the scalded group (n = 24) , Control group (n = 6) was normal rats. Tissues from different periods were collected. TUNEL and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the changes of local apoptosis related genes Bcl-2, Bax and P53 at different time points. Results (1) The results of TUNEL showed that the IA at 0, 1, 2, and 3 weeks after irradiation in the irradiated group was significantly higher than that in the scalded group (P <0.05). (2) The results of immunohistochemistry showed that the IA values of Bax and P53 at 0, 1, 2, and 3 weeks after wounding in the irradiated group were significantly higher than those in the scalded group (P <0.05) -2 of the IA value was significantly higher than the irradiation group, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Conclusion Apoptosis occurs on the wound surface of acute β-ray lesion earlier, with higher frequency and delayed disappearance, which may be one of the important causes of wound healing.