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众多研究表明,跨国企业是由母子公司组成的差异化网络组织,该网络组织同时又处于外部复杂的网络关系中。而嵌入在内部和外部网络中的社会资本被认为与跨国经营有密不可分的联系。在此基础上,国际商务研究者纷纷采纳社会资本的理论视角,分析跨国企业社会资本形成及其对企业国际化战略选择、国际化进程以及国际化经营绩效的影响。在社会资本理论在跨国公司领域得到拓展的同时,其对国际商务现象的解释力度也得到了广泛验证。本文从社会资本的理论视角对企业国际化的已有研究进行梳理,系统地回顾了相关理论主题和研究发现,并在此基础上识别未来潜在的研究方向。
Numerous studies show that multinational corporations are differentiated network organizations composed of mother and subsidiary companies, and at the same time the network organizations are in an external complex network relationship. Social capital, embedded in internal and external networks, is considered to be inextricably tied to multinational operations. On this basis, international business researchers have adopted the theoretical perspective of social capital to analyze the formation of multinational corporations’ social capital and its impact on the international strategic choice of enterprises, the internationalization process and the performance of international operations. While social capital theory has been expanded in the field of transnational corporations, its explanation of international business phenomena has also been widely verified. This article reviews the existing research on the internationalization of enterprises from the perspective of social capital theory, systematically reviews relevant theoretical topics and research findings, and identifies potential research directions in the future.