Development of the use of flavin and nicotinamide-adenine nucleotide fluorescence in monitoring the redox state of the free mitochondrial NADH/NADt couple in cells, tissues and organs is reviewed. A break-through was the identification of dihydrolipoamide
Three types of dispersion mirrors are designed and discussed. The first type is the complementary chirpedmirror pair used for providing smooth group delay dispersion (GDD) in the wavelength range of 550-1050 nm. Such mirrors are obtained by shifting the G