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皮凯蒂的《21世纪资本论》的出版引起全球知识界对财富不平等问题的兴趣,引发对出身与继承、国家与市场、自由与平等问题的讨论。他对公平正义规范的诉求表明,经济学家不是价值中立的数据处理器,他必须拥有在当代道德水平上可以加以辩护的规范立场。从马克思主义的立场看,皮凯蒂的规范诉求缺乏革命性,因而是不能令人满意的。但是,在新自由主义的市场原教旨主义主宰世界的时代,这种规范立场具有积极的意义。中国今天面临的不仅是发展问题,而且还有分配问题。中国要想从诸多矛盾中开出一条独一无二的道路,必须认真思考资本主义300年的教训。
Picatty’s publication of 21st Century Capitalism has aroused the global intellectual community’s interest in the problem of wealth inequality and triggered discussions on the issues of origin and inheritance, state and market, freedom and equality. His appeal to the norms of fairness and justice shows that economists are not value-neutral data processors and must have normative positions that can be defended at contemporary moral levels. From the Marxist standpoint, Picatty’s lack of standardization of the demands of the Revolution, which is unsatisfactory. However, this normative position has a positive meaning in the era when the neoliberal market fundamentalism dominates the world. China faces not only the development issue but also the distribution problem today. If China wants to find a unique path out of many contradictions, it must seriously consider the lessons of 300 years of capitalism.