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大学起源于中世纪欧洲。起源时,其法律名称是“学者社团”。中世纪大学是学者的自治组织,具有法人资格和自治权。与其他社团如教会、城市和行会等相比较,中世纪大学具有成员是学者、目的是探索高深学问、内部构造是“联邦制”等特征。中世纪大学的法律地位与我国大学的法律地位不具有可比性。我国现行法律上与其最近似的是“社会团体法人”。
University originated in medieval Europe. Origin, the legal name is “scholar community ”. Medieval University is a scholar’s self-government organization with legal personality and autonomy. Compared with other societies such as churches, cities and guilds, the medieval university has its members as scholars, whose purpose is to explore profound science and its internal structure is characterized by “federalism.” The legal status of medieval universities is not comparable with the legal status of our universities. The current law in our country most closely resembles that of “social group corporation”.