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利用 195 3— 1998年北极海冰资料及相应的海平面气压场和我国东北 4 2°N以北 2 2个台站气温资料 ,应用统计分析方法 ,研究海冰和气象场的年际和年代际变化以及它们的联系。得到如下结论 :(1)高纬各纬度带和主要海域的海冰范围都呈现明显的衰减现象 ,6 0°N以北纬带趋势项的方差贡献超过总方差一半 ,远远大于周期项的方差贡献 ,此海域更明显显示近年海冰减少的现象。 (2 )巴伦支海和格陵兰海 ,海冰的年代际变化具有明显的 10年以上的周期变化特点 ,也存在明显的减少趋势 ;而拉布拉多海和白令海海冰主要是 10年以上的周期变化。 (3)自 90年代开始 ,海冰均发生陡然减少的现象 ,对全球气候变暖现象 ,海冰的变化是十分敏感的。 (4) 4 0°N以北的各纬度带的海平面气压的总体趋势是下降的 ,北冰洋涛动指数明显显示海平面气压场的减少趋势和 90年代前后的显著性差异。 (5 )与海平面气压的下降相对应 ,我国东北的温度是明显上升的。 (6 )北冰洋涛动能制约巴伦支海、格陵兰海和拉布拉多海域的海冰范围 ,也与我国东北温度有十分密切的联系。当AO指数偏大时 ,即冬季冰岛附近海平面气压偏低时 ,巴伦支海和格陵兰海海冰范围缩小 ,而拉布拉多海海冰范围扩大 ;我国东北冬半年的温度出现明显上升。
Based on the Arctic sea ice data from 1950 to 1998 and the corresponding sea-level pressure field and the temperature data of 22 stations north of 4 2 ° N in northeast China, statistical and analytical methods are used to study the interannual and age-distribution of sea ice and meteorological field International changes and their connections. The conclusions are as follows: (1) The range of sea ice in all latitudes at high latitudes and in the main sea area shows obvious attenuation phenomenon. The variance contribution of the trend latitude in the north latitude 60oN is more than half of the total variance, which is far greater than the variance Contribution, this area more clearly shows the phenomenon of sea ice reduction in recent years. (2) The decadal variations of sea ice in the Barents Sea and Greenland Sea have obvious ten-year periodical variations and obvious declining trend. However, the sea ice in the Labrador Sea and the Bering Sea is mainly for more than 10 years The cycle of change. (3) Since the 1990s, there has been a sharp decrease in sea ice, which is very sensitive to global warming and sea ice changes. (4) The general trend of sea level pressure in each latitude belt north of 40 ° N decreases. The Arctic Ocean Oscillatory Index clearly shows the decreasing trend of sea level pressure field and the significant difference before and after the 1990s. (5) Corresponding to the decline of sea level pressure, the temperature in northeast China is obviously increased. (6) The kinetic energy of the Arctic Ocean restricts the range of sea ice in the Barents Sea, Greenland Sea and Labrador Sea and is also closely related to the temperature in Northeast China. When the AO index is too large, that is, the sea level pressure near the winter Iceland is low, the sea ice in the Barents Sea and the Greenland Sea shrinks, while the sea ice in the Labrador Sea expands. The temperature in northeastern China in winter is significantly increased .