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目的：掌握新疆维吾尔自治区放射治疗机构基本情况，分析放射治疗机构发展趋势，为合理利用放射医疗资源及地区分布提供参考依据。方法对新疆维吾尔自治区现有的21家放射治疗单位进行电话、问卷方式调查，总结分析我区放射治疗机构设备配置、人员构成、业务开展情况。结果截止到2012年12月，全疆共有放疗单位21个，从事放射治疗的工作人员共296位(不包含护士)。放射治疗设备中医用电子直线加速器27台，X模拟定位机19台，大孔径CT模拟定位机3台，近距离后装治疗机5台，放射治疗计划系统18台，剂量仪23台，X刀5台，γ刀3台。结论新疆维吾尔自治区放射治疗进入了高速发展阶段，放射治疗技术的应用从满足基本治疗需求到高、精、尖领域全覆盖，放射治疗工作人员队伍不断壮大，并且更加专业化。急需建立全区统一的放射治疗质量控制和质量保证管理体系，切实监督执行，以规范对肿瘤患者的放射治疗，保证放疗质量。“,”Objective To master the basic situation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region radiotherapy institutions, analysis of development for radiation therapy facilities and provide a reference to rational use of medical resources and geographical distribution. Methods Use phone cal s and questionnaires to investigate 21 radiotherapy units in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region ,analyzed the device configuration, composition of the staf and the capability of radiation therapy. Results By the end of December 2012, there are 21 radiotherapy units in Xinjiang, have 296 (not included nurses) staf of the radiotherapy. There are 27 linear accelerators of electron , Radiation therapy equipment 19 X-ray simulators, 3 large aperture CT simulators, 5 close brachytherapy machines, 18 radiation treatment planning system, 23 dosimeters, 5 X-knife, 3 γ-knife. Conclusion Radiotherapy in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region has entered a rapid development stage, the application of radiation therapy treatment from basic to a high precision and advanced ful coverage areas, radiation therapy workforce has grown, and more professional. It wil need to establish a unified region radiotherapy quality control and quality assurance management system to ef ectively monitor the implementation to regulate radiation therapy for cancer patients, and insure the quality of radiotherapy.