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目的动态监测咸阳市健康人群麻疹抗体水平,并对麻疹相关疫苗的免疫效果进行流行病学评价。方法 2012-2015年,随机抽取咸阳市1 135例健康人群,采用酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-llinked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)检测麻疹抗体光密度(optical density,OD)值;并收集调查对象的免疫史情况,采用Logistic回归对麻疹相关疫苗进行流行病学评价。结果 2012-2015年调查对象的麻疹抗体OD值随年份略有下降趋势,在男女之间差异均无统计学意义(均有P>0.05),OD值在2~3岁最高,随年龄增长有下降趋势;2012-2015年咸阳市健康人群麻疹抗体阳性率分别为:98.91%、96.81%、96.46%、85.11%;经Logistic回归分析,麻疹疫苗和麻腮风疫苗联合使用及麻疹疫苗单独使用对机体均具有明显的保护作用(麻疹疫苗+麻腮风疫苗+:OR=0.123,95%CI:0.046~0.328;麻疹疫苗+麻腮风疫苗-:OR=0.109,95%CI:0.043~0.281)。结论咸阳市健康人群中虽已建立起免疫屏障,但麻疹抗体监测及查漏补种工作仍不能松懈;麻疹疫苗是基础疫苗,对麻疹抗体的形成是必要的,麻腮风疫苗可作为强化疫苗,不能单独使用。
Objective To monitor the level of measles antibody in healthy population in Xianyang City and to evaluate the immunogenicity of measles related vaccine. Methods A total of 1 135 healthy people in Xianyang City were randomly selected from 2012 to 2015. The antibody optical density (OD) of measles was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) History of the situation, the use of Logistic regression measles-related vaccine epidemiological evaluation. Results The measles antibody OD value of the surveyed subjects decreased slightly with the years from 2012 to 2015. There was no significant difference between men and women (all P> 0.05). The OD value was the highest in 2 ~ 3 years old The positive rate of measles antibody in healthy population was 98.91%, 96.81%, 96.46% and 85.11% respectively in Xianyang city from 2012 to 2015. According to Logistic regression analysis, the combined use of measles vaccine and mumps vaccine and measles vaccine alone (Measles vaccine + mumps vaccine +: OR = 0.123, 95% CI: 0.046 ~ 0.328; measles vaccine + mumps vaccine: OR = 0.109, 95% CI: 0.043 ~ 0.281) . Conclusion Although immunological barrier has been established among healthy population in Xianyang City, measles antibody surveillance and leak detection and replanting work can not be loosened yet. Measles vaccine is the basic vaccine, which is necessary for the formation of measles antibody. MMR vaccine can be used as a booster vaccine , Can not be used alone.