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针对四川两系杂交稻就地制种技术难题,以Y58S/F1599在仁寿制种为例,研究、验证和应用基于气象决策方案的两系杂交稻制种技术。运用两系杂交稻制种气象决策方法,分析了仁寿最近32 a的气象数据。据此制定了Y58S/F1599在仁寿的最佳制种方案:育性敏感期安排在7月10日—8月5日,对应抽穗扬花期和种子成熟收获期分别为7月25日—8月16日和8月28日—9月4日。照此方案于2014和2015年开展两系制种技术验证和应用试验,均获成功,其中2015年Y58S的育性敏感期在7月13—27日,不育系完全败育,亲本花期相遇,理论制种产量为2.52±0.49 t/hm~2,经检验种子纯度等均达国标。这初步说明在四川应用气象决策方案开展两系杂交稻制种在技术上是可行的;同时,笔者提出了四川两系杂交稻制种的风险控制策略。
Aiming at the technical problems of inbreeding of two-line hybrid rice in situ in Sichuan, taking Y58S / F1599 as an example, the two-line hybrid rice seed production technology based on weather decision scheme was studied, verified and applied. Based on the weather decision-making method of two-line hybrid rice seed production, the meteorological data of Renshou during the recent 32 years were analyzed. Therefore, the optimal plan of planting of Y58S / F1599 in Renshou was formulated: fertility sensitive period was arranged from July 10 to August 5, corresponding to heading and flowering and mature maturity of seeds were July 25 to August 16th and August 28th - September 4th. According to the scheme, two-line seed production technology verification and application test were successfully carried out in 2014 and 2015. Among them, the fertility sensitive period of Y58S in 2015 was completely aborted on July 13-27 and the parental flowering met , The theoretical seed yield was 2.52 ± 0.49 t / hm ~ 2, and the tested seed purity reached the national standard. This preliminary shows that it is technically feasible to apply two-line hybrid rice seed production plan in Sichuan. At the same time, the author puts forward the risk control strategy of two-line hybrid rice seed production in Sichuan.