书法一途,常有内擫外拓之说。元人袁裒《总论书家》曾云:“右军用笔内擫而收敛,故森严而有法度;大令用笔外拓而开廓,故散朗而多姿态。”擫者,按也,压也。内擫者,握笔而书以一指内向按压也。拓者,推也,承也,手承物、手推物也。外拓者,即以指上托、上推是也。近人沈尹默又云:“大凡笔致紧敛,是内擫所成;反是,必然是外拓。内擫是骨胜之书,外拓是筋胜之书。” Calligraphy one way, often inside and outside the extension of said. Yuan Yuan “general book home” Zeng Yun: “The right army with the pen nephew and convergence, so a strict and law; order with the pen outreach and open profile, so the diversification and multi-posture.” Press, press too. Nephew who hold a pen and a one-finger inward pressure also. Top who, pushing also, Cheng also, hand things, push products also. Top Trail, that means the care, push is also. Shen Yin Mo silent people near: "All pen tightly, is the result of infighting; the opposite is bound to be the outer extension.