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为明确不同提取方法对黄荆精油的提取效果和黄荆精油对主要储粮害虫的毒力差异,采用水蒸气蒸馏法、二氯甲烷提取法和超临界CO2萃取法,分别从泰山黄荆(Vitex negundo)叶片和种子中提取精油,研究了水蒸气蒸馏提取的黄荆叶片精油对绿豆象、谷蠹、玉米象、锯谷盗和赤拟谷盗的毒力及杀虫作用方式。结果表明:黄荆叶片或种子中的精油均以超临界CO2萃取的提取率最高,水蒸气蒸馏的提取率最低,叶片精油的提取率前者是后者的5.39倍,但对玉米象成虫的综合毒力后者却是前者的5.95倍。水蒸气蒸馏法从黄荆叶片中获得的精油对绿豆象、谷蠹、玉米象、锯谷盗和赤拟谷盗,不仅具有很高的触杀、驱避和综合杀虫毒效,且对种群有持续控制作用,作为储粮保护剂的开发价值大。
In order to clarify the different extraction methods of Huang Jing essential oil and Huang Jing essential oil on the main stored grain pests toxicity differences, using steam distillation, methylene chloride extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction, respectively, from the Taishan Huang Jing ( Vitex negundo) leaves and seeds to study the virulence and insecticidal action of the essential oil from leaves of Vitex negundo extracted by steam distillation on mung bean, moth beetle, corn, sawtooth and red tarragon. The results showed that the extraction rate of essential oil in leaves or seeds of C. arundinacea was the highest with supercritical CO2 extraction and the lowest in steam distillation. The former was 5.39 times of that of the latter. However, The latter is 5.95 times more virulent. The essential oil obtained from steam distillation from the leaves of Vitex japonicus not only has high contact and repellent and comprehensive insecticidal toxic effects on mung bean, moth beetle, corn elephant, With continuous control, as a grain protectant development value.