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目的探讨福州地区碳青霉烯类耐药鲍曼不动杆菌(CRAB)碳青霉烯酶基因型的流行情况。方法收集多家医院临床标本中分离得到的107株CRAB。应用K-B纸片扩散法进行药物敏感试验。采用PCR法检测7种碳青霉烯酶基因,包括OXA-23、OXA-24、OXA-51、OXA-58、IMP-1、IMP-4和VIM-2。结果 107株CRAB对除多粘菌素B、米诺环素外的其他所有常见的抗生素均为耐药。碳青霉烯酶基因OXA-51、OXA-23的检出率分别为100.0%(107/107)和87.9%(94/107)。其他OXA-24、OXA-58、IMP-1、IMP-4和VIM-2基因均未检出。结论福州地区临床分离的CRAB耐药现象严重;表达OXA-23基因是CRAB对碳青霉烯类药物耐药的重要机制之一。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of carbapenemase genotypes of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) in Fuzhou. Methods A total of 107 CRABs isolated from clinical specimens of multiple hospitals were collected. K-B disk diffusion method for drug susceptibility testing. Seven carbapenemase genes were tested by PCR including OXA-23, OXA-24, OXA-51, OXA-58, IMP-1, IMP-4 and VIM-2. Results 107 CRABs were resistant to all common antibiotics except polymyxin B and minocycline. The detection rates of carbapenemase genes OXA-51 and OXA-23 were 100.0% (107/107) and 87.9% (94/107), respectively. No other OXA-24, OXA-58, IMP-1, IMP-4 and VIM-2 genes were detected. Conclusions The clinical isolates of CRAB in Fuzhou are highly resistant. The expression of OXA-23 gene is one of the important mechanisms of CRAB resistance to carbapenems.