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基于矿山压力和岩层控制理论,分析了工作面附近支承压力及底板水压的空间分布特征,确定了两者对底板的力学作用机制。通过建立裂隙力学模型,从微观角度研究了支承压力和水压对裂隙的作用效果;以薄板理论为依据,从宏观角度研究了含水层水压对底板有效隔水层的作用机理,并给出底板突水极限水压值的计算公式。结果表明:支承压力的增大会导致裂隙渗透系数的减小;水压的增大会导致岩体强度的降低和裂隙劈裂长度的增加。采场底板突水的实质是采动引起的矿山压力和承压水水压共同作用下微观裂隙的扩张和底板有效隔水层的断裂。
Based on the theory of mine pressure and rock control, the spatial distribution characteristics of bearing pressure and floor pressure near the working face are analyzed, and the mechanics mechanism between the two is determined. Based on the theory of thin plate, the action mechanism of water pressure on the effective aquitard of floor is studied from the macroscopic point of view, and the effect of support pressure and water pressure on fissure is studied from the microscopic point of view. Calculation formula of floor water inrush limit water pressure. The results show that the increase of bearing pressure leads to the decrease of permeability coefficient of fractures. The increase of hydraulic pressure leads to the decrease of rock mass strength and the increase of fracture splitting length. The essence of stope floor water inrush is the expansion of microcracks and the effective aquitard break of the floor due to the mining pressure and pressure water pressure caused by mining.