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目的 了解终末期肾病患者临床依从性与治疗结局和生活质量的关系.方法 采用便利抽样法收集潍坊市二级医院符合要求的终末期肾病腹膜透析患者(CAPD)137例,依据终末期肾病腹膜透析患者依从性量表(ESA)评分中位数分值区分为高依从性组(68例)和低依从性组(68例).应用健康状况问卷(SF-36)评定生活质量,采集腹膜透析患者退出率、病死率、透析感染率、再住院率等治疗结局指标,分析比较高低依从性组间的差异;采用Cox多因素回归模型分析有关危险因素与治疗结局的关系.结果 137例CAPD患者退出透析61例,退出率44.52％.因死亡退出透析23例,占37.70％.高低依从性组间比较,非死亡腹膜透析退出率(11.8％,44.12％)、病死率(7.4％,26.5％)、透析感染率(8.8％,38.2％),差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).SF-36评分8个维度得分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.05).腹膜透析患者治疗结局危险因素的Cox回归分析果显示依从性是影响治疗结局、导致死亡的重要危险因素(HR 1.68,P＜0.05).结论 临床依从性是影响腹膜透析治疗结局的重要因素,作为可干预因素,临床依从性应列为腹膜透析疗效监控指标和提高疗效的干预靶目标.“,”Objective To analyze the correlation between clinical compliance and peritoneal dialysis treatment outcome and quality of life on end-stage renal disease patients with high and low clinical compliance.Methods Total of 137 continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients of end-stage renal disease were collected in second-class hospital in Weifang by convenience sampling,and divided into high and low clinical compliance group (68 patients in each)according to ESA score.SF-36,dropout rate,fatality rate,infection rate and rehospitalization rate were used to estimated,and Cox multi-factor regression model was used to analyze correlation between therapy outcome and risk factors.Results 61 CAPD patients (44.52％) were dropout,with 23 cases (37.70％) by death.The dropout rate without death(11.8％,44.12％),fatality rate (7.4％,26.5％) and infection rate(8.8％,38.2％)had significant difference between high and low clinical compliance group (P＜0.05).The SF-36 scores of 8 dimension also had significant difference between the two groups.Cox multi-factor regression model showed that clinical compliance was an important risk factor of therapy outcome and death(HR =1.68,P＜0.05).Conclusion Clinical compliance is an important risk factor of therapy outcome,and should be listed as efficacy monitoring index of peritoneal dialysis and the target of improving the curative effect of the intervention.