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鲑鱼渔业管理及其渔业资源的可持续利用已成为国际上十分关注的问题。本文对北太平洋鲑鱼的种类、鱼源国、洄游分布等资源状况进行分析,并对北太平洋鲑鱼渔业管理国际公约及我国政府采取一系列保护鲑鱼的措施进行讨论,指出了我国鲑鱼渔业管理中存在的主要问题:①黑龙江中上游是中俄界河,下游经俄罗斯境内注入鄂霍次克海,每年溯河洄游的鲑鱼在到达黑龙江中游与乌苏里江我国境内之前就被大量捕捞;②我国作为溯河性鱼类的鱼源国之一,至今尚未获得参与管理北太平洋鲑鱼资源的权利;③我国存在过度捕捞及渔业水域污染等问题。建议:①提高中俄渔业合作水平;②加入《北太平洋溯河性鱼类性鱼类资源养护公约》;③提高鲑鱼增殖放流的能力;④加强关于鲑鱼资源状况的调查工作;⑤保护水域环境。
The management of salmon fisheries and the sustainable use of their fishery resources have become a matter of major international concern. This paper analyzes the species of salmon, source countries and migratory distribution in the North Pacific Ocean. It also discusses a series of measures to protect salmon from the International Convention on Salmon Management in the North Pacific Ocean and the government of our country. It points out the existence of salmon fisheries in China Of the main issues: ① the middle and upper reaches of Heilongjiang is the border of China and Russia, the downstream by the Russian Sea into the Sea of Okhotsk, each year the upstream migration of salmon arrived in the middle reaches of Heilongjiang and Wusuli River in China before being large-scale fishing; ② our country as an upstream As one of the fish-source countries of sex fish, so far no right to participate in the management of the resources of the North Pacific salmon has been obtained. (3) There are over-fishing and fishery-water pollution problems in our country. Suggestions: ① To improve the level of cooperation between China and Russia in fisheries; ② To join the “Convention on the Conservation of Anadromous Fish Stocks in the North Pacific”; ③ To improve the ability of salmon to multiply and release; ④ To strengthen the investigation on salmon resources; .