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温度和湿度是影响档案寿命的两大重要因素,它们之间相互依赖、相互影响、相互制约。在档案保护技术中,讨论温度与湿度之间的关系,很有必要。 那么,温度与湿度之间存在什么样的关系呢? 现行电大档案专业教材《档案保护与复制技术学》中是这样叙述的:“在绝对湿度不变时,温度上升,相对湿度必然下降;而温度下降,相对湿度必然上升,呈反比关系。”(着重号是笔者所加,下同)“当相对湿度不变时,温度高必然绝对湿度大;温度低必然绝对湿度小,呈正比关系。” 《档案保护技术学》一书中说:“在绝对湿度不变时,如温度升高,相对湿度就减小;反之,温度下降,相对湿度就增大。它们呈反比关系。”“在相对湿度不变时,如温度越高,绝对湿度就越大;反之,温度越低,绝对湿度就越小。它们呈正比关系。” 以上两本书的意思都是:绝对湿度不变,温度与相对湿度成反比;相对湿度不变,温度与绝对湿度成正比。我认为这种说法是不妥的,至少是不严密,经不起定量分析的。 首先,我们来看在相对湿度不变时,温度与绝对湿度是不是成正比?
Temperature and humidity are two important factors that affect the life of archives. They depend on each other, interact with each other and restrict each other. In the file protection technology, it is necessary to discuss the relationship between temperature and humidity. So, what is the relationship between temperature and humidity? Current RTD Archives textbook “File Protection and Replication Technology” is described in this way: “In the absolute humidity is constant, the temperature rises, the relative humidity is bound to decline; and When the relative humidity is constant, the relative humidity is bound to rise inversely. ”(Emphasis is added by the author, the same below)“ When the relative humidity is constant, the absolute temperature is high and the absolute humidity is high; ”File Protection Technology,“ a book said: ”When the absolute humidity is unchanged, as the temperature rises, the relative humidity decreases; Conversely, the temperature decreases, the relative humidity increases.“ They are inversely proportional relationship. ”“ In the relative Humidity is constant, such as the higher the temperature, the greater the absolute humidity; the other hand, the lower the temperature, the absolute humidity is smaller.They are proportional relationship. ”The above two books mean: Absolute humidity constant, temperature and Relative humidity is inversely proportional; relative humidity is constant, the temperature is proportional to absolute humidity. I think this is wrong, at least it is not rigorous and can not withstand quantitative analysis. First of all, let’s look at the constant relative humidity, the temperature is not proportional to the absolute humidity?