目的:评价microRNA(miR)-146a在小鼠小胶质细胞炎症反应中的作用。方法:小鼠小胶质细胞BV2进行培养，选取对数生长期的细胞，采用随机数字表法分为5组(n n＝48)：对照组(C组)、LPS组、LPS+miR-146a模拟物组(LPS-M组)、LPS+miR146-a抑制物组(LPS-I组)和LPS+阴性对照组(LPS-NC组)。LPS-M组、LPS-I组和LPS-NC组分别将miR-146-a模拟物RNA、miR-146a抑制物RNA和模拟物/抑制物的错义RNA转染至细胞。转染成功后，LPS组、LPS-M组、LPS-I组和LPS-NC组细胞分别加入终浓度为1 μg/ml的LPS，C组加入等容量培养基，孵育6 h。采用qRT-PCR法检测细胞miR-146a、白介素受体相关激酶1(IRAK1) mRNA和肿瘤坏死因子受体相关因子6(TRAF6) mRNA的表达，采用Western blot法检测细胞IRAK1和TRAF6的表达。收集细胞上清液，采用ELISA法检测TNF-α、 IL-1β和IL-6的浓度。n 结果:与C组比较，LPS组细胞miR-146a表达、IRAK1和TRAF6及其mRNA及表达上调，上清液TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的浓度升高(n P<0.05)；与LPS组比较，LPS-M组细胞miR-146a表达上调，IRAK1和TRAF6及其mRNA表达下调，上清液TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的浓度降低，LPS-I组细胞miR-146a表达下调，IRAK1和TRAF6及其mRNA表达上调，上清液TNF-α、IL-1β和IL-6的浓度升高(n P0.05)。n 结论:miR-146a是小鼠小胶质细胞炎症反应的内源性保护机制。“,”Objective:To evaluate the role of microRNA (miR)-146a in inflammatory responses in microglial cells of mice.Methods:The BV-2 microglial cells of mice were cultured, and the cells at the logarithmic growth phase were divided into 5 groups (n n=3 each) using a random number table method: control group (group C), lipopolysaccharide (LPS) group, LPS+ miR-146a mimic group (group LPS-M), LPS+ miR-146a inhibitor group (group LPS-I) and LPS+ negative control group (group LPS-NC). In LPS-M, LPS-I and LPS-NC groups, the miR-146-a mimic RNA, miR-146a inhibitor RNA, and the missense chain of the mimic/inhibitor RNA were transfected into the cells, respectively.After successful transfection, the LPS at the final concentration of 1 μg/ml was added in LPS, LPS-M, LPS-I and LPS-NC groups, the equal volume of medium was added in group C, and the cells were incubated for 6 h. The expression of miR-146a, interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase 1 (IRAK1) mRNA and tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) mRNA was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction, and the expression of IRAK1 and TRAF6 was detected by Western blot.The supernatant was calculated for determination of the concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) and IL-6 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.n Results:Compared with group C, the expression of miR-146a and IRAK1 and TRAF6 protein and mRNA was significantly up-regulated, and the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in supernatant were increased in group LPS (n P<0.05). Compared with group LPS, the expression of miR-146a was significantly up-regulated, the expression of IRAK1 and TRAF6 protein and mRNA was down-regulated, and the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in supernatant were decreased in group LPS-M, and the expression of miR-146a was significantly down-regulated, the expression of IRAK1 and TRAF6 protein and mRNA was up-regulated, and the concentrations of TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 in supernatant were increased in group LPS-I (n P0.05).n Conclusion:miR-146a is an endogenous protective mechanism of inflammatory responses in microglial cells of mice.