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采集东北地区(黑龙江、吉林和辽宁省)玉米苗枯病的病株800株,采用组织分离法共分离组织8 000块,得到真菌7 049株,真菌分离频率为88.11%。其中镰孢菌共4 034株,占分离所得真菌总株数的57.23%。黑龙江、吉林和辽宁各省分离所得的苗枯病致病镰孢菌株数在各省分离所得的真菌总株数中所占比例基本一致,分别为56.89%、61.26%和55.07%。表明镰孢菌在3省均为玉米苗枯病的主要致病菌。同时,在分离出的真菌中有丝核菌1 099株,占分离真菌总株数的15.59%。但是,3省所分离到的菌株比率存在明显差异,分别为16.09%、9.47%和18.87%。
A total of 800 strains of maize blight were collected in Northeast China (Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning Provinces). 8 000 tissues were isolated by tissue isolation method, and 7 049 fungi were isolated. The frequency of fungi separation was 88.11%. There were 4 034 Fusarium strains, accounting for 57.23% of the total number of isolated fungi. The percentages of Fusarium oxysporum f. Sp. Isolates isolated from Heilongjiang, Jilin and Liaoning provinces were almost the same, accounting for 56.89%, 61.26% and 55.07%, respectively. The results showed that Fusarium was the main pathogen of corn seedling blight in all three provinces. At the same time, 1 099 strains of Rhizoctonia were isolated from the isolated fungi, accounting for 15.59% of the total number of isolated fungi. However, there were significant differences in the percentages of strains isolated in the three provinces, which were 16.09%, 9.47% and 18.87%, respectively.