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目的了解山东省宁阳县农村居民常见慢性病患病及控制情况,为采取有针对性的预防和控制措施提供理论依据。方法采用随机整群抽样方法,于2010年8-9月对山东省宁阳县35~74岁农村居民的健康状况进行问卷调查,并进行血压测量和空腹血糖检测,以确定调查对象的慢性病患病情况。采用χ2检验比较不同群组间率的差异。结果共调查3 356名农村居民,其中男性1 094人,女性2 262人。居民自报常见慢性病患病率从高到低依次为高血压(22.5%)、冠心病(4.2%)、糖尿病(2.8%)、脑卒中(1.9%)、慢性阻塞性肺疾病(1.8%)和恶性肿瘤(0.7%)。共筛查出高血压患者1 508例,患病率为44.9%,患者知晓率为50.0%,年龄越大,高血压知晓率越高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=90.19,P<0.01);1 508例高血压患者中仅有185例血压得到控制,血压控制率为12.3%。筛查出糖尿病患者292例,患病率为8.7%,患者知晓率为31.8%,年龄越大,糖尿病知晓率越高,差异有统计学意义(χ2=26.60,P<0.01)。292例患者中仅有27例空腹血糖得到控制,血糖控制率为9.2%。结论宁阳县35~74岁农村居民的高血压和糖尿病患病率均处于较高水平,应按照《国家基本公共卫生服务规范》要求加强高血压、糖尿病患者的规范化管理工作,同时应加大对冠心病、脑卒中的筛查和干预工作力度。
Objective To understand the prevalence and control of common chronic diseases among rural residents in Ningyang County, Shandong Province, and to provide a theoretical basis for taking targeted prevention and control measures. Methods A randomized cluster sampling method was used to survey the health status of rural residents 35-74 years old in Ningyang County, Shandong Province from August to September 2010, and the blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were measured to determine the chronic disease Disease condition. Chi-square test was used to compare differences among groups. Results A total of 3 356 rural residents were surveyed, including 1 094 males and 2 262 females. Residents reported that the prevalence of common chronic diseases was high blood pressure (22.5%), coronary heart disease (4.2%), diabetes (2.8%), stroke (1.9%) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (1.8% And malignant tumor (0.7%). A total of 1 508 cases of hypertension were screened, the prevalence rate was 44.9%, the patient awareness rate was 50.0%, the older, the higher the awareness rate of hypertension, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 90.19, P <0.01) ; Only 185 of 1 508 hypertensive patients were controlled by blood pressure, with a blood pressure control rate of 12.3%. 292 diabetic patients were screened, the prevalence rate was 8.7% and the patients’ awareness rate was 31.8%. The older the patients, the higher the awareness rate of diabetes was, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 26.60, P <0.01). Only 27 of 292 patients had their fasting blood glucose controlled and their glycemic control rate was 9.2%. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension and diabetes in 35 ~ 74-year-old rural residents in Ningyang County are at a high level. The standardized management of hypertension and diabetes patients should be strengthened in accordance with the requirements of the “National Basic Public Health Service Regulations” Coronary heart disease, stroke screening and intervention efforts.