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目的：探讨终末期肾病（end-stage renal disease, ESRD）患者聚醚砜（polyethersulfone, PES）膜血液透析前、后血清转化生长因子-β1（TGF-β1）水平的变化及其临床意义。方法收集66例ESRD患者PES膜血液透析前、后外周血清标本，用酶联免疫吸附法检测TGF-β1；同时收集39名健康体检者外周血标本，同法检测TGF-β1，作为对照组。结果透析组透析前血清TGF-β1水平（232.38±153.91）ng/L显著高于对照组（146.23±89.51）ng/L（P＜0.01），透析后没有显著性改变（P＞0.05）。结论 PES膜血液透析并不能降低ESRD患者血清TGF-β1水平。“,”Objective To evaluate the infl uence of hemodialysis using polyethersulfone (PES) membrane on serum TGF-β1 in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.Methods 66 ESRD patients and 39 healthy control were involved in this study. Levels of serum TGF-β1 were detected using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) both in 39 healthy controls and 66 ESRD patients pre- and post-dialysis.ResultsCompared with healthy controls, ESRD patients had significantly higher serum TGF-β1 levels (P0.05).Conclusion Serum TGF-β1 level cannot be cleared after a 4 h hemodialysis treatment using PES membrane.