目的为探讨结直肠癌术后复发的主要原因及诊治方法。方法回顾性分析1985年1月至2007年12月收治的48例结直肠癌复发患者的临床资料。41例手术探查中34例获手术治疗,占手术例数82.9%,结果术后出现并发症5例(12.2%),死亡1例,病死率0.2%,全组随访38例,随访时间2～60个月,7例非手术治疗,中位生存时间7(2～14)个月,手术治疗中位生存时间16(0～60)个月。结论首次手术的肿瘤分期,无瘤操作,患者体质影响是术后复发的主要因素。重视术后随访是早期发现术后癌复发的关键措施。手术应是术后癌复发治疗的首选方法,加强围术期处理是手术成功的关键。 Objective To explore the main causes of postoperative recurrence of colorectal cancer and diagnosis and treatment methods. Methods The clinical data of 48 patients with recurrent colorectal cancer who were admitted from January 1985 to December 2007 were analyzed retrospectively. Of 41 cases, 34 cases were surgically treated, accounting for 82.9% of the cases. Complications occurred in 5 cases (12.2%), 1 case died and the case fatality rate was 0.2%. All patients were followed up for 2 ~ 60 months, 7 cases of non-surgical treatment, the median survival time of 7 (2 ~ 14) months, surgical treatment of median survival time of 16 (0 ~ 60) months. Conclusions The first operation of tumor staging, tumor-free operation, the patient’s physical impact is the main factor for postoperative recurrence. Emphasis on postoperative follow-up is the key to early detection of postoperative cancer recurrence. Surgery should be the preferred method of postoperative cancer recurrence treatment, and strengthening perioperative management is the key to successful operation.