有声电影的表现手段是电影摄影术,它的素材是文学。我们必须承认电影中不可避免地存在着小说和戏剧元素,否则便不可能把握电影形式的本质,因为这一形式即存在于上述元素的变形之中。由此我们在开始探究电影艺术是如何区别于戏剧和小说的艺术之前,首先要大致回顾一下这些形式有什么共同之处。 Audio-visual film performance means cinematography, its material is literature. We must acknowledge the inevitable existence of novels and dramatic elements in the film, otherwise it is impossible to grasp the nature of the film form, because this form exists in the deformation of the above elements. Thus, before we begin to explore how cinematic art differs from the art of drama and fiction, we begin with a general review of what these forms have in common.