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经济人假说自十八世纪末斯密提出“经济人”以来,经历了由“古典经济人”到“新古典经济人”再到“新经济人”漫长的发展历程。在古典经济学时期,“经济人”完全依赖于功利主义而发展,到了新古典经济学时期,“经济人”则日益被抽象为数学晶体式的理性经济人。近三十年来,经济人假说在非经济领域得到拓展。尽管“经济人”假说常常遭到非主流经济学家的批评和责难,但其顽强的生命力却带给人们许多启示。
The hypothesis of the economists has gone through the long course of development from “classical economic man” to “new classical economic man” to “new economic man” since Smith proposed “economic man” in the late 18th century . In the period of classical economics, “economic man ” relies entirely on utilitarianism and development. By the time of neoclassical economics “economic man ” is increasingly being abstracted as a mathematical crystal rational economic man. In the past three decades, the hypothesis of economists has been expanded in the non-economic field. Although the “economic man” hypothesis is often criticized and censured by non-mainstream economists, its tenacious vitality has brought many enlightenments.