在印度召开的第十四届国际防痨会议上,各国学者一致认为肺结核病不住院药物治疗的效果并不低于住院治疗(1)。其实这个问题,正如吴绍青教授所说:“这是老问题,新名词”。回溯我国过去和现在有不少病人都是在进行着不住院药物治疗,尤其在各种抗痨药物出现以后,更为不住院治疗提供了有力的保证与条件。虽然如此,若仅凭药物而不相应地给患者以卫生及疗养指导,亦难收到满意的功效。为此,许多学者曾提出不住院药物治疗应与单纯的门诊治疗有所不同,必须加强宣传教育并配合家庭访视工作,使不住院患者也能得到同样的医疗照顾。我们认为这些意见是合理适时的,根据我们几年来在工作中的体会, At the 14th International Conference on Prevention of Tuberculosis in India, scholars from all countries agreed that the effect of non-hospital tuberculosis drug treatment is not less than that of hospitalization (1). In fact, this issue, as Professor Wu Shaoqing said: “This is an old issue and a new term.” Back to China’s past and now there are many patients are in the process of non-hospital drug treatment, especially in the emergence of a variety of anti-tuberculosis drugs, the more non-hospital treatment provides a strong guarantee and conditions. Nonetheless, it is difficult to receive satisfactory results if the drugs are given to the patients without appropriate guidance on hygiene and convalescence. To this end, many scholars have suggested that non-hospital drug treatment should be different from the simple out-patient treatment. Public education and family visit work must be stepped up so that non-hospitalized patients receive the same medical care. We think these opinions are reasonable and timely. Based on our experience in the past few years,