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对不同纳米材料Si3N4、SiC、石墨、碳纳米管(CNTs)填充聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)复合材料进行了拉伸和硬度试验,观察了复合材料拉伸断面的微观结构。结果表明:几种填料均能不同程度地提高PTFE的硬度。不同填料对PTFE拉伸性能的影响不同,纳米SiC填充PTFE有较好的拉伸性能,碳纳米管的加入会使PTFE拉伸强度和断裂伸长率降幅较大,其复合材料呈脆性破坏。纳米SiC在PTFE基体中有较好的分散性,其与PTFE基体界面结合较好,而纳米Si3N4在PTFE中分散性不好,纳米石墨和碳纳米管与PTFE基体的界面结合不好。当SiC的质量分数为3%时,其综合性能最佳。
Tensile and hardness tests of PTFE composites filled with different nanomaterials Si3N4, SiC, graphite and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were carried out. The microstructure of the tensile section was observed. The results show that: several fillers can improve the hardness of PTFE to varying degrees. The effect of different fillers on the tensile properties of PTFE is different. PTFE filled with nano-SiC has better tensile properties. The addition of carbon nanotubes will decrease the tensile strength and elongation at break of PTFE greatly, and the composites will be brittle. Nano-SiC has good dispersibility in PTFE matrix, which has good bonding with PTFE matrix. However, the dispersion of nano-Si3N4 in PTFE is not good, and the interface between nano-graphite and carbon nanotube is not good. When the SiC mass fraction of 3%, its best overall performance.