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黑龙江省小麦赤霉病主要以菌絲、子囊壳在被害残株、麦壳上越冬,是次年穗枯的主要初次侵染源。种子带病是苗枯的主要原因。本地区发現主要寄主为小麦、大麦、黑麦、燕麦、王米、鵝冠草、意大利黑麦草。除麦类外,至今尚未在其他寄主上找到子囊壳。病原菌的潛育期为2.5—7天,一般发病5—6天,最快4天就会产生大量的分生孢子。孢子借雨水冲濺、风力、麦穗互相接触等方式进行传播。收获后垜內的侵染,以分生孢子为主,借接触及水流蔓延。流行的主导因素是降水量与湿度。小麦重槎地、玉米槎地、地势低洼排水不良地,发病严重。观察了200余个品种,結果无一个免疫品种。但发病程度,有显著的差异;并有长芒比短芒抗病的趋势,如佳选二号、火小麦等比較抗病。后期的侵染和发病率,随收割期、脫谷期、堆垜时間增加而剧增。通过几种垜式对比,認为收割初期湿度大,以放射形垜为佳。种子处理用0.2％赛力散、0.5％赛力散加石灰有一定的效果。
Heilongjiang Province, the main wheat mycosis wheat mycoplasma, asparagus shell in the victim stubble, wheat shell overwinter, is the main primary source of ear blight next year. Seed disease is the main reason for seedling blight. The main host found in the region for wheat, barley, rye, oats, Wangmi, goose grass, Italian ryegrass. In addition to wheat, so far no other host to find the outer capsule shell. The incubation period of pathogens is 2.5-7 days, the general incidence of 5-6 days, the fastest 4 days will produce a large number of conidia. Spores by rain splashing, wind, wheat ears and other means of communication. Post-harvest infection within 垜 to conidia-based, by contact and water flow. The dominant factor is the prevalence of precipitation and humidity. Heavy wheat land, corn dumpling, low-lying low-lying drainage, the incidence is serious. Observed more than 200 varieties, the results of an immune species. However, the incidence of disease was significantly different. And there was a trend of resistance of Changmang to short-winged males such as Jiaxuan-2 and fire-wheat. Post-infection and morbidity, with the harvest, threshing, piling up time and surge. Through several types of comparison, that the early harvesting humidity, radiating 垜 better. Seeds deal with 0.2% saranas, 0.5% saranas plus lime have a certain effect.