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建筑结构的抗震能力、尤其是抗倒塌能力设计目标应根据其所在场地未来一定设计使用年限内可能遭遇的地震危险性来设定。首先介绍了基于动力增量分析(IDA)的结构倒塌易损性分析方法,随后结合地震危险性分析,分别给出了结构抗倒塌能力和结构所面临地震危险性的概率模型,进而根据结构在未来一定设计使用年限内的倒塌概率,对建筑结构的抗地震倒塌风险进行定量评价,并给出了相应的计算方法。以一座7度抗震设防的RC框架结构为例,计算了该RC框架结构在3个同为7度抗震设防而地震危险性不同地区的地震倒塌风险,指出仅以抗震设防烈度作为建筑结构抗震设计的依据所存在的不足,建议应基于一致倒塌风险进行结构抗震设计,并提出了相关结构抗震设计方法需开展的研究工作。
The seismic capacity of the building structure, and in particular the design objective of the anti-collapse capability, should be set according to the seismic risk that may be encountered during the intended service life of the site where it is located. Firstly, the structural collapse vulnerability analysis method based on dynamic incremental analysis (IDA) is introduced. Then the probabilistic model of the structural collapse resistance and the seismic hazard faced by the structure is given separately according to the seismic hazard analysis. Then, In the future, the probability of collapsing within a certain designed useful life will be used to quantitatively evaluate the anti-earthquake risk of the building structure and give the corresponding calculation method. Taking a RC frame structure with seven degree seismic fortification as an example, the risk of earthquake collapse of the RC frame structure in three locations with the same seismic intensity of seven degrees of seismic fortification is calculated, and the seismic fortification intensity is taken as the seismic design of the building structure Based on the existing problems, it is suggested that the structure anti-seismic design should be based on the risk of unanimity collapse and the research work on seismic design of structures should be carried out.