一、公司创业及其存在的障碍 公司创业是指已建成的中型和大型企业内部的创业行为。 公司在内部进行创业会遇到许多障碍,这首先是现存 组织的制度、政策、战略、结构、文化等与新创事业的冲突。 表现为: (1)制度原因。成熟的企业在发展过程中形成了大量 的规章制度,这些制度保证了公司在日益复杂环境下的秩 序稳定和协调有序。它们鼓励连续和效率,比如绩效和评价 体系鼓励产生短期收益的安全保守的行为;在预算制度上, 对一些试验性项目提供毫无弹性的资助,但要求更多更快 的回报。计划常常强调形式而非内容分析,强调文案而非过 程分析。管理者希望员工创新,但实际却奖励非创新行为, 他们也不相信员工的洞察力。结果是,过于僵硬的制度无法 I. Corporate Entrepreneurship and Barriers to Its Existing Corporate entrepreneurship refers to the entrepreneurial behavior of established medium-sized and large enterprises. There are many obstacles for the company to conduct entrepreneurship internally. This is first and foremost a conflict between the existing organization’s systems, policies, strategies, structures, cultures, etc., and the newly created business. The performance is: (1) Institutional reasons. Mature companies have formed a large number of rules and regulations in the course of development. These systems ensure the company’s orderly and coordinated ordering in an increasingly complex environment. They encourage continuity and efficiency, such as performance- and valuation systems that encourage safe and conservative behavior that generates short-term gains; in the budget system, they provide inflexible funding for some pilot projects, but require more and faster returns. Plans often emphasize formal rather than content analysis, emphasizing copywriting rather than process analysis. Managers want employees to innovate, but they actually reward non-innovative behavior. They also do not believe in employee insight. As a result, too rigid institutions cannot