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20世纪初,大量佉卢文书在尼雅、安迪尔、楼兰等遗址出土,并被释读,从而在很大程度上弥补了汉文文献记载的不足,为西域历史研究提供了丰富素材。目前,学界推定佉卢文书的年代集中在公元3、4世纪。[1]这一历史时期,西域呈现鄯善、于阗、疏勒、龟兹、焉耆五大绿洲王国称霸的政治格局。其中鄯善吞并原有的且末、小宛、精绝、戎卢等弱小政权,使之成为鄯善王国的下辖州。佉卢文书集中出土的地区恰是鄯善王国的辖区。有学者利用这些资料
At the beginning of the 20th century, a large number of Lu documents were unearthed in Niya, Andir and Loulan sites and were read, thus largely making up for the lack of documentation in the Chinese language and providing abundant material for historical research in the Western Regions. At present, the scholars presumed that the age of the Lu documents concentrated in the third and fourth centuries AD. [1] In this historical period, the western region showed a shameful political pattern in which the kingdoms of the five oases, the Qiu, Shule, Qiuci and Yanqi, dominated. Among them, Shanshan annexed the weak and weak regimes such as the former and the latter, Xiao Wan, Jing Jue, Rong Lu and so on, making it a state under the jurisdiction of Shanshan Kingdom. Lu Lu Lu concentrated focus on the area unearthed the kingdom of King Shan area. Some scholars use these materials