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以ArcGIS9.2为平台,构建了基于土地利用/覆被的生态系统供水发电服务物质量和价值量评估模型。包括根据降雨和潜在蒸散发及下垫面特征参数,结合耗水量模拟集水区产出的年供发电水量。由评估水电站的特征参数和集水区每个象元对总供水量的贡献率,采用水能资源公式模拟集水区生态系统发电贡献量的空间分布特征。价值量模型则结合电价及运行成本进行计算。在二滩水电站及其集水区进行了模型的运用。结果表明:2000年,模型模拟为二滩电站贡献汇流的实际供水量达到311.63×108m3.a-1。在水电站设计使用年限内集水区产水总发电量为5763.84×108 kW.H,发电总净利润为888.66×108 Yuan,其中草地生态系统的贡献率最大,达到54.23%。集水区东南部的康定—九龙—冕宁—喜德—西昌一带生态系统供水对于二滩电站发电收益的贡献最大。
Taking ArcGIS 9.2 as a platform, an assessment model of service quality and value based on land use / cover ecosystem services was established. Including the rainfall and potential evapotranspiration and underlying surface characteristics of the parameters, combined with water consumption simulation of catchment output of annual water supply. The spatial distribution characteristics of power generation contribution of catchment ecosystem are simulated by evaluating the characteristic parameters of hydropower stations and the contribution rate of each pixel to the total water supply of the catchment. Value model is combined with electricity prices and operating costs. The model was used in Ertan Hydropower Station and its catchment area. The results show that in 2000, the actual amount of water supplied by the model to the convergence of Ertan Hydropower Station reached 311.63 × 108m3.a-1. Within the designed life of the hydropower station, the total water production of water catchment area is 5763.84 × 108 kW.H, and the total net profit of power generation is 888.66 × 108 Yuan, of which the contribution rate of grassland ecosystem is the largest, reaching 54.23%. Ecosystem water supply in Kangding-Jiulong-Mianning-Xide-Xichang area in the southeastern catchment area contributed the most to the Ertan Hydropower Station’s generating revenue.