在空间辐射环境下,光纤会产生辐射致衰减(RIA),严重影响光纤在辐射环境中的应用。为了保证光纤在辐射环境中的工作性能,需要对光纤辐射致衰减效应进行研究。从辐射与光纤相互作用的机理出发,说明了辐射条件下引起光纤主要衰减的色心的形成和退化,并详细分析了辐射条件、光纤参数和传导光波等因素对光纤辐射致衰减的影响。在此基础上,总结了光纤辐射致衰减的主要模型,包括幂律模型、多成分饱和指数模型和拓展多成分饱和指数模型等。最后,介绍了光纤辐射致衰减效应的应用。 In space radiation environment, the fiber will produce radiation attenuation (RIA), seriously affecting the optical fiber in the radiation environment. In order to ensure the working performance of optical fiber in radiation environment, the attenuation effect of optical fiber radiation needs to be studied. From the mechanism of the interaction between the radiation and the optical fiber, the formation and degradation of the color center that causes the main attenuation of the optical fiber under the irradiation condition are described. The influence of the radiation conditions, optical fiber parameters and the transmitted light wave on the attenuation caused by the optical fiber radiation is analyzed in detail. On this basis, the main models of attenuation caused by optical fiber radiation are summarized, including the power law model, the multi-component saturation index model and the expansion of the multi-component saturation index model. Finally, the application of attenuation caused by fiber radiation is introduced.