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印度农民运动是印度历史发展中的重要活动,也是印度共产主义运动不可忽视的内容。通过历史考察,我们发现印度农民运动与马克思主义阶级斗争理论存在着微妙的联系,后者始终对前者有影响,但是却始终没有成为印度农民运动的主要指导思想。本文梳理自19世纪末以来的印度农民运动和马克思主义阶级斗争理论之间的相互关系,认为有以下四个原因是不应该忽视的:其一,在印度现代民族运动的兴起历程中,印度农民形成的政治文化更多的是关注民族独立;其二,印度“新阶级”逐渐掌握独立运动领导权,农民运动最终汇入独立运动大潮;其三,早期印度无产阶级政党没有取得印度独立运动和农民运动的领导权;其四,印度共产党(毛主义)的兴起并没有改变印度农民运动与阶级斗争理论之间的关系。
Indian peasant movement is an important activity in the historical development of India and also an indispensable element of the Indian communist movement. Through historical investigation, we find that there is a delicate connection between the Indian peasant movement and the Marxist theory of class struggle, which has always had an impact on the former but has never been the main guiding ideology of the Indian peasant movement. This article combs the relationship between Indian peasant movement and Marxist theory of class struggle since the end of the 19th century and thinks there are four reasons that should not be ignored: First, during the rise of modern national movement in India, peasants in India formed Political culture of the United States focuses more on national independence; secondly, India’s “new class” gradually grasps the leadership of the independent movement; the peasant movement eventually flows into the tide of independence movement; thirdly, the early Indian proletarian parties did not win the Indian Independence Movement And the leadership of the peasant movement. Fourthly, the rise of the Indian Communist Party (Maoism) did not change the relationship between the Indian peasant movement and the theory of class struggle.