急性髓系白血病(AML)是常见的造血系统的恶性克隆性疾病,初发AML(除外急性早幼粒细胞白血病,该病不在本文讨论范围)的标准诱导治疗方案为3天蒽环类药物+7天阿糖胞苷。近年来,由于方案中蒽环类药物剂量增加及支持治疗的改善,初发AML的完全缓解(CR)率有所提高。年轻患者CR率达70%~80%,其中约半数CR患者 Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common malignant clonal disease of the hematopoietic system and the standard induction regimen for first-onset AML (except acute promyelocytic leukemia that is outside the scope of this article) is a 3 day anthracycline + 7 days cytarabine. In recent years, complete remission (CR) rates have been improved in primary AML due to the increased dose of anthracycline and supportive care in the regimen. CR rate in young patients 70% to 80%, of which about half of CR patients