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目的:调查分析新疆阿克陶县急性中毒的原因、特点,为快速救治和预防控制提供依据。方法:抽取2009年1月-2013年12月笔者所在医院收治的822例急性中毒患者,从中毒物种类、中毒性别、年龄、职业分布、民族风俗等几方面进行统计分析。结果:822例急性中毒者,女性579例,占70.4%,男性243例(29.6%),男女比例2.4∶1。农民542例,占65.9%;药物种类,农药197例(23.97%),去痛片149例(18.13%),混合药物中毒77例(9.36%),感冒类用药54例(6.57%),抗生素43例(5.23%),酒精中毒48例(5.83%)。文化程度初中及以下者658例(80.0%)。结论:阿克陶县人员文化素质低,女性社会地位低下,离婚率高,思想落后,生活贫困,心理健康辅导缺失,是引发自杀等急性中毒的主要原因,应引起政府和社会各界重视。
Objective: To investigate and analyze the causes and characteristics of acute poisoning in Aktau County, Xinjiang, to provide basis for rapid treatment and prevention and control. Methods: A total of 822 acute poisoning patients admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to December 2013 were selected for statistical analysis from the aspects of toxic species, sex, age, occupational distribution and ethnic customs. Results: Among 822 acute poisoning cases, 579 were female, accounting for 70.4%, 243 were male (29.6%), the ratio of male to female was 2.4:1. There were 542 farmers (65.9%), 197 kinds of pesticides (23.97%), 149 cases (18.13%) of painkillers, 77 (9.36%) mixed drugs and 54 (6.57% 43 cases (5.23%), 48 cases of alcoholism (5.83%). 658 cases (80.0%) with junior high school education and below. Conclusions: The low cultural level, low social status of women, high divorce rate, backward thinking, poor living standard and absence of mental health counseling are the main causes of acute poisoning such as suicide and should be taken seriously by the government and the community.